Многоуровневые вызовы режиму ядерного нераспространения: уроки Обзорной конференции ДНЯО 2015 г.

Екатерина Борисовна Михайленко

Аннотация


 Конференция 2015 г. участников Договора о нераспространении ядерного оружия (ДНЯО) закончилась без принятия итоговой резолюции. Экспертное сообщество восприняло это негативно – как серьезное отсутствие консенсуса среди участников договора и как вызов режиму ядерного нераспространения. В рамках данной статьи анализируются современные вызовы режиму ядерного нераспространения через призму теорий политического конструктивизма, теорий режимов. Исследование показывает, что происходит трансформация режима ДНЯО на трех уровнях – внутреннем, внешнем и в рамках общего изменения баланса сил в мире. Режим ядерного нераспространения, созданный в 1970-х гг., испытывается на прочность новыми акторами, региональными объединениями неядерных государств и новой расстановкой сил на международной арене. На смену традиционной двухуровневой системе распределения сил (государства, обладающие ядерным оружием, и безъядерные государства) пришло многоуровневое сложное сочетание интересов и амбиций.  

Ключевые слова: режим ядерного нераспространения, ДНЯО, Обзорная конференция ДНЯО, ЯОГ, НЯОГ.


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(c) 2016 Екатерина Борисовна Михайленко