О денежном обращении Юго-Западной Таврики поздневизантийской эпохи: несколько новых нумизматических раритетов

Nikolai Aleksandrovich Alekseienko

Аннотация


Особенности и специфика денежного обращения Таврики периода классического Средневековья хорошо известны современным специалистам по византийской нумизматике. Они характеризуются пестротой денежного рынка и широким разнообразием эмитентов. Благодаря новым открытиям география памятников крымской нумизматики поздневизантийской эпохи постоянно расширяется и дополняется важными и ценными сведениями. Среди нумизматических находок периода распада Византийской империи и ее реставрации кроме местных выпусков нередко встречаются и деньги, «привезенные из-за моря», которые так или иначе обращались на рынках Таврики. Это монеты Трапезундской и Никейской империй, государств крестоносцев и самой возрожденной Византии. Сегодня это в очередной раз подтверждается вводимыми в научный оборот монетами Великих Комнинов: фолларо Иоанна III (1342–1344) и аспрами Мануила III (1390–1417) и Иоанна IV (1446–1458); иперперона-номисмы никейского императора Иоанна III Дуки Ватаца (1222–1254); денье турнуа Афинского герцогства Гильома I де ла Роша (1280–1287), динаро Торнезе генуэзской администрации Хиоса чеканки 1477–1487 гг., тетартерона Андроника II Палеолога (1282–1328) и рядом других нумизматических артефактов. Новые находки являются важным свидетельством не только торгово-экономических связей Юго-Западной Таврики с регионами Южного Причерноморья, Балкан и Средиземноморья, но и яркой иллюстрацией тех административных и политических процессов, которые существовали в Причерноморье в поздневизантийский период.


Ключевые слова


Поздняя Византия; Таврика; монеты Византии; монеты Трапезундской империи; монеты Никейской империй; монеты государств крестоносцев; нумизматика

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Литература


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15826/adsv.2023.51.016

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