Святыни Италии в описании православных участников Ферраро-Флорентийского собора

Aleksandr Andreievich Korolev

Аннотация


Православное восприятие католической церкви, ее храмов, обрядов и святынь получило отражение в византийских и русских описаниях Ферраро-Флорентийского собора. Выделяются две группы источников, которым свойственно неодинаковое отношение к латинским культовым реалиям. Ранние описания собора выражают неоднозначную позицию. Для большинства православных западное религиозное искусство, убранство храмов, особенности церковных обрядов были непривычными и чуждыми. Виднейшие представители византийской элиты, включая императора и патриарха, были согласны на унию, терпимо относились к латинским обрядам и почитали латинские святыни. Многие православные следовали их примеру, хотя и не без колебаний. Ригористы, составлявшие меньшинство на соборе, отвергали идею унии, основанной на религиозном компромиссе, и считали недопустимым поклоняться латинским святыням. Именно эта позиция со временем возобладала и в Константинополе, и в Москве, что привело к появлению полемически окрашенных описаний собора. Их авторы скрывали интерес многих участников собора к католическим храмам и богослужению, поклонение святыням. Напротив, диктовалось жесткое конфессиональное разграничение, что подразумевало отказ от почитания католических святынь, составлявших часть опасного и враждебного латинского мира.


Ключевые слова


Ферраро-Флорентийский собор; межконфессиональные отношения; религиозная полемика; паломничество; Исидор Киевский; Сильвестр Сиропул; Симеон Суздальский

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Литература


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15826/adsv.2023.51.025

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