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Определение элементного состава индуцированной мокроты человека методом масс-спектрометрии с индуктивно связанной плазмой

T. N. Shtin, V. B. Gurvich, T. V. Bushueva, R. R. Sakhautdinova, S. A. Shtin

Аннотация


В работе изучены особенности определения массовой концентрации элементов, содержащихся в респирабельной фракции аэрозолей, в индуцированной мокроте человека методом ИСП-МС. Описана процедура получения индуцированной мокроты. Рекомендован способ обработки полученного материала. Оптимизированы параметры измерений. Физические параметры частиц измерены на анализаторе размеров частиц IG-1000 Plus (Shimadzu, Япония). Методика применена для определения массовой концентрации элементов, формы и размера мелкодисперсных частиц в индуцированной мокроте плавильщиков черновой меди горно-металлургического предприятия. В индуцированной мокроте плавильщиков определены V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Sr, Sb, Ba, W, Pb (у 100 % обследованных); Fe, As (у 75 % обследованных); Mn, Cd (у 50 % обследованных); Zn (у 25 % обследованных). Содержание Al, Se, Mo и Sn в индуцированной мокроте плавильщиков не установлено. Обнаружены твердые мелкодисперсные частицы несимметричной формы (снежинки) в диапазоне распределения частиц от 3 до 1000 нм включительно со средним размером частиц (по объему) 126 нм. Сравнительный анализ санитарно-гигиенической характеристики условий труда плавильщиков черновой меди горно-металлургического предприятия и их клинических (лабораторных) обследований показал биоаккумуляцию частиц Cu в организме работников. Разработанная методика внесена в единый реестр аттестованных методик на территории РФ и утверждена Главным государственным санитарным врачом РФ А.Ю. Поповой (МУК 4.1.3923-23 (ФР.1.31.2022.44058)). Получен патент на изобретение (№ 2808907, МПК G 01 N 15/02).


Ключевые слова


ИСП-МС; мокрота; наночастицы; респирабельная фракция; аэрозоль; черновая медь

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Литература


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2026.30.2.009

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