Роль Конгресса США в определении политики в сфере контроля над ядерными вооружениями при администрации Дж. Байдена

Ekaterina Borisovna Mikhaylenko, Elena Igorevna Sinitsyna

Аннотация


3 ноября 2020 г. в США прошли всеобщие выборы, в результате которых новым президентом был объявлен Джозеф Байден, а треть Сената и вся Палата представителей были переизбраны. При новой администрации контроль над ядерными вооружениями, одна из немногих возможных сфер российско-американского сотрудничества, может быть реанимирован. По крайней мере, избранный президент выполнил свое обещание продлить последний оставшийся договор в этой сфере — Договор о мерах по дальнейшему сокращению и ограничению стратегических наступательных вооружений (ДСНВ) — на пять лет без каких-либо предварительных условий. Однако, несмотря на традиционно более сильную роль исполнительной ветви власти в разработке и реализации политики США в ядерной сфере, законодательная власть в лице Конгресса США обладает определенными инструментами воздействия на процесс принятия решений. Цель данной статьи — проанализировать, как новый баланс сил в Конгрессе, установленный после выборов 2020 г., повлияет на действия администрации Дж. Байдена в сфере контроля над ядерными вооружениями. Для этого авторами были использованы методы анализа ситуации и аналитико-прогностические методы. В результате авторы пришли к выводу о том, что, несмотря на демократическое большинство и в Сенате, и в Палате представителей, сохраняющаяся сильная оппозиция со стороны республиканцев в обеих палатах Конгресса не позволит новому президенту существенно изменить сложившийся курс в сфере контроля над ядерными вооружениями.

Ключевые слова


ядерное оружие, контроль над вооружениями, Конгресс США, Дж. Байден

Полный текст:

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Литература


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15826/koinon.2021.02.2.023

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