ТВЕРДОФАЗНОЕ КОНЦЕНТРИРОВАНИЕ ФЕНОЛЬНЫХ ВЕЩЕСТВ ИЗ ВОДНЫХ ЭКСТРАКТОВ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННОГО РАСТИТЕЛЬНОГО СЫРЬЯ НА ПРИМЕРЕ ЗВЕРОБОЯ (Hypericum perforatum L.)
Аннотация
Проведено изучение твердофазного извлечения фенольных соединений из экстрактов растительного сырья с использованием ряда концентрирующих материалов различного состава. В качестве сорбентов изучены материалы на основе октадецилсилана (Strata C18-E), сополимера стирола и дивинилбензола (Strata X) и графитированного углерода (Supelclean ENVI-Carb). Проведена сравнительная оценка сорбционных характеристик этих материалов в условиях конкурентной динамической сорбции фенольных соединений различного строения из их экстрактов. На основе полученных сорбционных характеристик («объемы до проскока» изучаемых соединений и динамические емкости сорбентов) оптимизированы условия десорбции 9 фенольных веществ; установлены степени извлечения и коэффициенты концентрирования для каждого соединения. Показано, что сорбентами с привитой группой C18 возможно отдельно извлекать флавоноиды и их гликозиды, а для одновременного извлечения и флавоноидов, и фенольных кислот целесообразно использовать полимерный тип сорбента, с использованием которого наблюдаются высокие степени извлечения компонентов, несмотря на различную природу растительной матрицы объектов: зверобоя (Hypericum perforatum L.), чабреца (Thуmus serpуllum L.), крапивы (Urtica dioica L.), липы (Tilia cordata Mill.). Для фенолкарбоновых и производных коричных кислот степени извлечения находятся в пределах 92–107 %, а для флавоноидов – 87–122 %. Обоснована перспективность использования графитированного сорбента для извлечения и концентрирования различных представителей фенольного ряда растительного происхождения.
Ключевые слова: твердофазная экстракция (ТФЭ), флавоноиды, фенольные кислоты, лекарственное растительное сырье, высокоэффективная жидкостная хроматография (ВЭЖХ)
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