СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ МЕТОДИК РЕНТГЕНОФЛУОРЕСЦЕНТНОГО ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ЭЛЕМЕНТНОГО СОСТАВА АРХЕОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ КЕРАМИКИ ИЗ МАЛЫХ НАВЕСОК
Аннотация
Для изучения элементного состава древней керамики эпохи позднего неолита стоянки-могильника Поповский Луг (район поселка Качуг, верховье реки Лены, Россия) использованы два варианта рентгенофлуоресцентного анализа: традиционный рентгенофлуоресцентный анализ с волновой дисперсией (WDXRF) и рентгенофлуоресцентный анализ с полным внешним отражением (TXRF). Приближенно-количественный анализ фрагментов керамики без измельчения показал, что измерения внешней и внутренней поверхности фрагментов керамики являются менее информативными, по сравнению с измерением ее среза. Апробированы способы подготовки проб, ориентированные на анализ малых навесок измельченной керамики с целью сохранения материала: сплавление, прессование и приготовление суспензий. Для WDXRF излучатели готовили в виде сплавленных стекол из 150 мг пробы, а также в виде прессованных таблеток из 250 мг пробы. Для проведения TXRF использовали суспензии из 20 мг пробы на основе водного раствора поверхностно-активного вещества Triton X-100. В качестве методик сравнения при определении породообразующих оксидов применяли аттестованные методики количественного химического анализа, при определении микроэлементов – метод масс-спектрометрии с индуктивно-связанной плазмой. Проведенные исследования показали, что для получения данных об элементном валовом составе археологической керамики предпочтительно использование комбинации методов WDXRF (стекло) и TXRF (суспензия). Предложенная схема позволяет проводить количественное определение Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Pb и Ba из навески измельченной керамики массой примерно 170 мг.
Ключевые слова: рентгенофлуоресцентный анализ с волновой дисперсией, рентгенофлуоресцентный анализ с полным внешним отражением, керамика, археология, Поповский Луг, Верхняя Лена
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2021.25.1.001
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